In women beneath the chronilogical age of 25 years, large instructional level (Or 2.six, 95% CI step one.1–6.1), and most a single normal (Or 2.step 1, 95% CI step one.1–cuatro.1) or informal (Or step 1.eight, 95% CI step 1.0–2.9) sexual spouse forecast problems chance (Dining table 4) fГҐ et glimt af dette link. There can be in addition to an advice out of an elevated risk which have latest usage of oral contraceptives (Or dos.0, 95% CI 0.6–step 1.5 – Desk 4). The addition of female likely to an adolescent infirmary (ages 13–17 ages) didn’t create a bias regarding data results, while the zero statistically tall variations was indeed discovered when they was indeed excluded on the research. The new association with level of people proceeded with a slightly down potential ratio (Otherwise 1.seven, 95% CI 0.7–cuatro.2). Additionally, the newest association with knowledge try more powerful (Or seven.4, 95% CI 1.9–29.0 to own high-level away from training).
9, 95% CI step one.3–step three.0 – Table cuatro). Previous use of oral contraceptives enhanced this new disease chance a little (Or step one.6, 95% CI step one.0–2.5) and you may parity quite decreases the chance (Or 0.5, 95% CI 0.2–step one.2). No clear pattern out-of association is seen among feminine aged 35 or more ages. The study got not enough women of your age 55 age or more to allow further subgroup studies that have meaningful analytical fuel.
Early age and you will high-level out of achieved education were top predictors of multiple bacterial infections than from solitary of those (Table 5). Getting several attacks, you will find a trend for a protective aftereffect of parity (for a few or maybe more college students compared to nulliparous, Or 0.5, 95% CI 0.2–1.3) and rehearse out-of condoms (Or 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.9) (Desk 5). Most of the time, although not, checked out services common similar relationships that have solitary and you will numerous infection.
Dialogue
Yet, couples degree evaluated ages-certain HPV frequency habits and you may determinants out of HPV disease one of women having typical cytology inside the regions with a high occurrence regarding cervical disease. I declaration here the initial data of this type carried out in Colombia. A total HPV DNA prevalence out-of fourteen.9% is located, which is the same as that reported in other high-chance communities within the Mexico (14.5%) (Lazcano mais aussi al, 2001) and you can Costa Rica (16%) (Herrero ainsi que al, 2000). On the other hand, it is like new HPV-DNA prevalence certainly control female (13%) in the an excellent concurrent instance–control investigation into the Cali, Colombia (Munoz mais aussi al, 1996).
There was no clear association within life regarding casual sexual partners, decades to start with sexual intercourse otherwise first birth, accessibility IUDs otherwise condoms and you will chance
Several research has suggested that frequency out of HPV infection reduces with age, HPV are strange inside the cytological regular feminine over age 35 age (Melkert mais aussi al, 1993; Morrison, 1994). However, several latest high society-depending studies away from Costa Rica and you will Mexico along with exhibited some boost for the HPV problems among feamales in peri- and you may post-menopause years. During Costa Rica the new top was found in feminine earlier than 55 decades, that have a predominance from LR HPV products, in the Mexico the following level already been before, immediately following 45 years old, with predominance regarding Time HPV brands along with an increase in recognition off LR HPV designs versus young ages.
Within our study the new HPV prevalence in the age bracket forty five–54 ages is actually reasonable, however, there clearly was an elevated incidence of HPV issues in females old 55 or maybe more many years, which have a beneficial predominance off LR brands and numerous HPV infections, but nonetheless 5.7% was basically Hr HPV self-confident. In the event the confirmed, the possibility of HPV infection – especially LR brands – among post-menopause women, it can be said in another way: (1) reactivation regarding hidden HPV attacks by the reduced immune reaction. Some immunological studies show a reduction in distributing mature T muscle in elderly people right down to a reduction in CD8+ lymphocytes, a fall on frequency out of CD4+ T tissue generating IL-2 and you can/otherwise a reduced expression inside the IL-2 receptors (Lesourd and you will Meaume, 1994; Gostout mais aussi al, 1998; Ginaldi et al, 1999). (2) Reactivation from hidden HPV attacks by the hormonal changes related to the slow decline out-of ovarian mode doing menopause (Lazcano mais aussi al, 2001). (3) A beneficial cohort feeling (Herrero mais aussi al, 2000), in which older female was indeed met with the herpes virus at the beginning of life and you will belonged to years far more greatly confronted by HPV infection.
Sin respuestas